Kisah Para Rasul 4:36

4:36 So Joseph, a Levite who was a native of Cyprus, called by the apostles Barnabas (which is translated “son of encouragement”), ¹ 

Kisah Para Rasul 7:15

7:15 So Jacob went down to Egypt and died there, ²  along with our ancestors, ³ 

Kisah Para Rasul 18:12

Paul Before the Proconsul Gallio

18:12 Now while Gallio ⁴  was proconsul ⁵  of Achaia, ⁶  the Jews attacked Paul together ⁷  and brought him before the judgment seat, ⁸ 

Kisah Para Rasul 20:11

20:11 Then Paul ⁹  went back upstairs, ¹⁰  and after he had broken bread and eaten, he talked with them ¹¹  a long time, until dawn. Then he left.

[4:36]  ¹ sn This is a parenthetical note by the author. Note how the actions of Barnabas are in keeping with the meaning of his nickname. He stands in contrast to Ananias and Sapphira in 5:1-11.

[7:15]  ² tn The word “there” is not in the Greek text. Direct objects were often omitted in Greek when clear from the context, but must be supplied for the modern English reader.

[7:15]  ³ tn Or “forefathers”; Grk “fathers.”

[18:12]  ⁴ sn Gallio was proconsul of Achaia from a.d. 51-52. This date is one of the firmly established dates in Acts. Lucius Junius Gallio was the son of the rhetorician Seneca and the brother of Seneca the philosopher. The date of Gallio’s rule is established from an inscription (W. Dittenberger, ed., Sylloge Inscriptionum Graecarum 2.3 no. 8). Thus the event mentioned here is probably to be dated July-October a.d. 51.

[18:12]  ⁵ sn The proconsul was the Roman official who ruled over a province traditionally under the control of the Roman senate.

[18:12]  ⁶ sn Achaia was a Roman province created in 146 b.c. that included the most important parts of Greece (Attica, Boeotia, and the Peloponnesus).

[18:12]  ⁷ tn Grk “with one accord.”

[18:12]  ⁸ tn Although BDAG 175 s.v. βῆμα 3 gives the meaning “tribunal” for this verse and a number of modern translations use similar terms (“court,” NIV; “tribunal,” NRSV), there is no need for an alternative translation here since the bema was a standard feature in Greco-Roman cities of the time.

[18:12]  sn The judgment seat (βῆμα, bhma) was a raised platform mounted by steps and sometimes furnished with a seat, used by officials in addressing an assembly or making pronouncements, often on judicial matters. The judgment seat was a familiar item in Greco-Roman culture, often located in the agora, the public square or marketplace in the center of a city. So this was a very public event.

[20:11]  ⁹ tn Grk “he”; the referent (Paul) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[20:11]  ¹⁰ tn Grk “going back upstairs.” The participle ἀναβάς (anabas) has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style.

[20:11]  ¹¹ tn Grk “talking with them.” The participle ὁμιλήσας (Jomilhsas) has been translated as a finite verb due to requirements of contemporary English style.